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What are the hydrolysis products of
(i) sucrose and (ii) lactose?


Sucrose on hydrolysis gives glucose and fructose.
(i) 

Lactose on hydrolysis gives glucose and galactose.
(ii) 

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Classify the following into monosaccharides and disaccharides: Ribose, 2-deoxy-ribose, maltose, galactose, fructose and lactose. 


Mono-saccharides: Ribose, 2-deoxyribose, galactose, fructose.

Di-saccharides: maltose, lactose.

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What are reducing sugars?


A reducing sugar is any sugar that is capable of acting as a reducingagent because it has a free aldehyde group or a free ketone group. All monosaccharides are reducing sugars. 

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What is glycogen? How is it different from starch?

Glycogen is a polysaccharide. It is a polymer of D-glucose. It stores food in animals and human beings.
Glycogen and starch differ in the type of glycoside bond that joins the D(+) glucose monomers and the amount of chain branching. When the body needs glucose, enzymes break down to glucose.




 


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Write two main functions of carbohydrates in plants. 


(i) They serve as structural materials for cell walls. For example, the polysaccharide cellulose is the chief constituent of the plant cell wall.

(ii) Carbohydrates act as biofuels and provide energy for different functioning.

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